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Italy's student and cost-of-living protests

Students and cost-of-living protesters march against Giorgia Meloni's government, the clashes with police in Turin, Milan and Bologna, and the unions' call for a general strike.

OngoingLatest development: Nov 7, 2026
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  1. 1/5 · What's happening

    • On Friday, October 16, students marched in dozens of Italian cities on what organisers called "No Meloni Day", protesting run-down schools, a decree capping foreign pupils at 30% of a class, the cost of living and military spending.
  2. 2/5 · Latest

    • Reported Nov 7 RaiNews reports: "Scioperi, novembre di mobilitazioni: trasporti, scuola e settore pubblico.
  3. 3/5 · What's confirmed

    • Confirmed Oct 24 Police carry out more than 150 searches before dawn in Milan, Monza and about 20 other towns, mainly in Lombardy, targeting people identified during the previous weekend's unrest, Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore report.
    • Confirmed Oct 24 Italy holds a fourth round of nationwide protests called by Movimento 17 Ottobre, with marches or rallies reported in at least ten cities including Rome, Milan, Turin and Bologna, Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore report.
  4. 4/5 · What's disputed

    How many took part on October 16?

    • One accountOrganisers say more than 400,000 young people marched.
    • Other accountProvisional Education Ministry figures put participation in the school strike at 1.08%.
  5. 5/5 · What's next

    • Nov 20 Turnout and outcome of the CGIL general strike called for November 20, and whether Parliament converts Decree-Law no. 190/2026 into law within its 60-day deadline.
    • Nov 16 The USB union said on Instagram that it will hold a 24-hour national strike of social-cooperative and social-enterprise workers in the health, care, education and job-placement sectors on Monday,…

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  • Reported1 outlet
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Where things stand

On Friday, October 16, students marched in dozens of Italian cities on what organisers called "No Meloni Day", protesting run-down schools, a decree capping foreign pupils at 30% of a class, the cost of living and military spending. Organisers say more than 400,000 took part; the Education Ministry puts participation in the school strike at about 1%. Police used water cannon and tear gas in Turin, and bottles and firecrackers were thrown at police in Rome.

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On Saturday, October 17, cost-of-living marches called by the "Italia in Piazza" movement were held in several cities. In Milan, groups broke away and clashed with police around Piazza Duomo; Il Giorno, citing police and the prefecture, and ANSA report about 50 people detained; injury figures differ between reports. In Rome, the CGIL union held a separate rally and announced a general strike for November 20.

Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni says the right to protest does not mean turning cities into battlefields. Education Minister Giuseppe Valditara calls the violence political hooliganism. Students and unions say the protests are about schools, wages and prices, with inflation at 4.2% in September according to Istat. Italy holds a general election next year.

Clashes resumed in Milan for a second night on Sunday, October 18, with hooded groups described by police as mostly minors from the city's outskirts looting stores including a Carrefour supermarket and a Decathlon. Police figures reported by ANSA and Fanpage differ but both describe a sharply larger toll than Saturday's, with over 270 people taken to police stations across the two days and dozens of arrests. President Sergio Mattarella called the violence unacceptable and asked for solidarity with police; on October 20 the Council of Ministers approved a decree-law sending 500 additional soldiers to Milan, though it dropped plans to give them powers of arrest. The decree, published October 22 as Decree-Law no. 190/2026, took effect October 23. It sets administrative fines of €500 to €1,000 for parents when a minor takes part in the covered offences, doubling for repeat cases, and lets prefects refer families to the juvenile court and order parents to pay for damage to public property. Accounts differ on the minimum age for a minor to be stopped or detained under the decree's public-order powers. Police searched homes in 18 cities before dawn on October 23, and heavy security deployments in Rome and Milan met a fourth round of Saturday protests on October 24 across at least eight cities. That fourth Saturday saw marches, rallies or clashes reported in at least ten cities and towns, with police carrying out more than 150 pre-dawn searches in the Milan area and opening an investigation into the movement's identified founder.

From the ground

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XOct 17Confirmed

Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni

A post condemning the violence in Milan and Bologna, saying demonstrating is a right but turning cities into battlefields is not.

How we checked: Reported by Reuters, ANSA and Il Fatto Quotidiano; ANSA and Il Fatto say it was posted with video of the Milan clashes. Date known.

Sources: Reuters (via The Jerusalem Post) · ANSA · Il Fatto Quotidiano

Confirmed by independent reports from Reuters, ANSA and Il Fatto Quotidiano. How we label

XOct 17Reported

Deputy Prime Minister Antonio Tajani

A post calling the violence and vandalism in Milan, Bologna, Turin and other cities totally unacceptable, criticising part of the opposition and expressing solidarity with the police.

How we checked: Reported by Sky TG24. Text post; date known.

Sources: Sky TG24

Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

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At a glance

Two days of protest, and what comes next

Filled marker: the latest major development. Hover or tap a marker for the event.

Detained, arrested or reported to police, by city

Preliminary figures from police, via Il Giorno and ANSA (Milan), Avvenire (Turin: 3 arrested, about 50 identified), Il Sole 24 Ore and Avvenire (Verona) and ANSA (Bologna: 4 arrested, 7 reported). Measures differ by city; no national total has been published.

Police officers injured, as reported

Sources: police via ANSA (Bologna); police and prefecture via Il Giorno (Milan; ANSA reports at least four officers and 20 protesters injured there); the Siulp police union via Orizzonte Scuola (ANSA) (Rome); Avvenire (Turin, Alessandria). No national figure has been published, and no total for injured protesters.

Where it happened

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Timeline

Show 22 earlier events

October 12 to 15

Anger over prices builds

  1. Oct 14
    Reported

    Farmers and truck drivers block roads in Puglia, Calabria and Sicily during the week over fuel prices, and students camp out in Milan, Rome and Bologna, AFP reports. Istat puts September inflation at 4.2%, mainly because of fuel prices.

    Sources: AFP (via The Local Italy)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

October 16

Students' "No Meloni Day"

  1. Oct 16
    Confirmed

    Students march in dozens of cities on "No Meloni Day", against run-down schools, the school decree, the cost of living and military spending. Schools are occupied in several cities.

    Sources: AFP (via The Local Italy) · Il Sole 24 Ore · Avvenire

    Confirmed by independent reports from AFP, Il Sole 24 Ore and Avvenire. How we label

  2. Oct 16
    Reported

    Organisers say more than 400,000 young people took part, La Repubblica reports; provisional Education Ministry figures put participation in the school strike at 1.08%, Il Sole 24 Ore reports.

    Sources: La Repubblica (via UNN) · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  3. Oct 16
    Confirmed

    In Turin, protesters throw stones and other objects at police in Piazza Castello, and police respond with water cannon and tear gas.

    Sources: Avvenire · Mirror (via AOL) · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Confirmed by independent reports from Avvenire, Mirror and Il Sole 24 Ore. How we label

  4. Oct 16
    Reported

    Avvenire reports that 10 officers were injured in Turin, three minors were arrested for resisting a public official and about 50 others were identified and referred to judicial authorities.

    Sources: Avvenire

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  5. Oct 16
    Confirmed

    In Rome, thousands rally outside the Education Ministry; police say bottles, flares and firecrackers are thrown at officers.

    Sources: AFP (via The Local Italy) · Il Sole 24 Ore · Mirror (via AOL)

    Confirmed by independent reports from AFP, Il Sole 24 Ore and Mirror. How we label

  6. Oct 16
    Reported

    A Rome official of the Siulp police union says 18 officers were injured outside the Education Ministry, hit by firecrackers, smoke bombs, stones and bottles, and that the figure may rise, Orizzonte Scuola reports, citing ANSA. Education Minister Valditara calls the officer in charge to express solidarity.

    Sources: Orizzonte Scuola (ANSA)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  7. Oct 16
    Confirmed

    In Verona, police identify 21 young people and report them over criminal damage and other offences; Il Sole 24 Ore says 20 of them are under 18. Clashes are also reported in Bologna.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore · Avvenire

    Confirmed by independent reports from Il Sole 24 Ore and Avvenire. How we label

  8. Oct 16
    Confirmed

    Meloni says she welcomes mobilisation but condemns the violence and attacks on police, and calls on all parties to back peaceful protest. Education Minister Valditara calls the violence political hooliganism, not democratic dissent.

    Sources: Avvenire · Il Sole 24 Ore · La Repubblica (via UNN)

    Confirmed by independent reports from Avvenire, Il Sole 24 Ore and La Repubblica. How we label

  9. Oct 16
    Reported

    Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi says police acted decisively, professionally and prudently on a difficult day, La Repubblica reports. Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini calls students who threw stones criminals, Il Sole 24 Ore reports.

    Sources: La Repubblica (via UNN) · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

October 17

Cost-of-living marches and the CGIL rally

  1. Oct 17
    Confirmed

    Cost-of-living marches called by the "Italia in Piazza" movement, which began on social media, are held in several cities, including Milan and Bologna; Open also lists Turin, Florence, Rome, Naples and Genoa.

    Sources: Open · Sky TG24 · Reuters (via The Jerusalem Post)

    Confirmed by independent reports from Open, Sky TG24 and Reuters. How we label

  2. Oct 17
    Confirmed

    In Milan, groups break away from the march and clash with police around Piazza Duomo and the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II. Police use tear gas and a water cannon after stones and other objects are thrown; shops close and the Duomo metro station is shut.

    Sources: Reuters (via The Jerusalem Post) · Sky TG24 · Il Giorno · Open

    Confirmed by independent reports from Reuters, Sky TG24, Il Giorno and Open. How we label

  3. Oct 17
    Confirmed

    About 50 people are detained in Milan, almost half of them minors, according to a preliminary police and prefecture report cited by Il Giorno and to sources cited by ANSA.

    Sources: Il Giorno · ANSA

    Confirmed by independent reports from Il Giorno and ANSA. How we label

  4. Oct 17
    Disputed

    Injury figures for Milan differ: Il Giorno, citing the preliminary report, says 15 members of the security forces were injured, while ANSA reports at least four officers and 20 protesters injured. Sky TG24 reports five young people taken to hospital with injuries first described as minor.

    Sources: Il Giorno · ANSA · Sky TG24

    Disputed: the accounts conflict. Both are given, with their sources. How we label

  5. Oct 17
    Reported

    In Bologna, police use a water cannon after clashes near the railway station, Reuters reports citing ANSA.

    Sources: Reuters (via The Jerusalem Post)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  6. Oct 17
    Reported

    ANSA, citing a police update, says 36 officers were injured or bruised in Bologna, four people, all minors, were arrested for resisting officers and seven were reported to judicial authorities.

    Sources: ANSA

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  7. Oct 17
    Confirmed

    In Rome, the CGIL union and more than 100 associations march from Piazza della Repubblica to Piazza del Popolo. CGIL leader Maurizio Landini announces a general strike for November 20 and says more than 100,000 people took part; no independent count has been published.

    Sources: Sky TG24 · Open

    Confirmed by independent reports from Sky TG24 and Open. How we label

  8. Oct 17
    Reported

    Opposition leaders Elly Schlein (PD) and Giuseppe Conte (M5S) attend the CGIL rally; Conte calls for the government to step down, Sky TG24 reports.

    Sources: Sky TG24

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  9. Oct 17
    Confirmed

    In a social media post with video of the Milan clashes, Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni says protest is a right but setting cities ablaze is not, and asks the opposition to condemn the violence without ambiguity: "every reticence becomes justification". Milan mayor Giuseppe Sala says the protesters' reasons are understandable but the violence is unjustifiable, and warns against political exploitation.

    Sources: ANSA · Il Fatto Quotidiano · Open

    Confirmed by independent reports from ANSA, Il Fatto Quotidiano and Open. How we label

  10. Oct 17
    Reported

    Interior and justice undersecretaries from the League propose a financial deposit for demonstrations, with organisers held responsible for damage, and say an amendment is ready, Il Fatto Quotidiano reports.

    Sources: Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  11. Oct 17
    Reported

    In Turin, young people throw objects at police guarding the entrance to Porta Nuova station and officers respond with tear gas; a group enters the Feltrinelli bookshop inside the station and knocks books to the floor, AGI reports.

    Sources: AGI

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  12. Oct 17
    Reported

    Bologna mayor Matteo Lepore calls the scenes near the station unacceptable and says the march did not appear to have been authorised, AGI reports.

    Sources: AGI

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

From October 18

Towards the November 20 general strike

  1. Oct 18
    Confirmed

    For a second evening running, hooded groups described by police as mostly minors from Milan's outskirts loot stores and clash with police around Piazza Duomo and Via Torino, two days after the October 17 cost-of-living march, Il Post and ANSA report. A Carrefour supermarket, a Decathlon store and other shops are raided, windows are smashed near La Scala, and the Duomo metro station is shut again.

    Sources: Il Post · ANSA

    Confirmed by independent reports from Il Post and ANSA. How we label

  2. Oct 18
    Disputed

    Tolls for the two nights vary by outlet. ANSA, citing police sources, reports 271 people taken to police stations (220 of them minors), 32 arrests (23 minors, 13 foreign nationals), 28 people reported to prosecutors, 174 held under a new preventive-detention power, and 14 police officers injured on the Sunday. Fanpage, citing police figures, reports about 270 people stopped over the two days, 160 taken to a police station on the Sunday alone (about 80% minors), 16 arrests on the Saturday (11 of them minors), 22 people reported and 104 police officers injured on the Saturday.

    Sources: ANSA · Fanpage

    Disputed: the accounts conflict. Both are given, with their sources. How we label

  3. Oct 18
    Reported

    The Associated Press separately reports police arrested 45 people over the two nights of Milan violence, 34 of them minors, as roughly 2,000 very young people took part in the looting and clashes — a third, differing count alongside ANSA's and Fanpage's figures.

    Sources: AP (via ABC News)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  4. Oct 19
    Confirmed

    President Sergio Mattarella says "every violence is unacceptable" and calls for "an intelligent, thorough analysis" of what he calls "unprecedented actors" behind the unrest, while voicing "full solidarity" with police, ANSA and Il Fatto Quotidiano report.

    Sources: ANSA · Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Confirmed by independent reports from ANSA and Il Fatto Quotidiano. How we label

  5. Oct 19
    Reported

    Luxury boutiques including Chanel, Hermès and Pomellato shut or lower their shutters on Via Montenapoleone, fearing further unrest, ANSA reports. A newly named "Movimento 17 Ottobre" announces weekly Saturday protests in Italian cities, starting in Milan, with the slogan "until this thieving government falls"; Mayor Giuseppe Sala says the tension is not over.

    Sources: ANSA

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  6. Oct 19
    Confirmed

    Open and Avvenire report that Movimento 17 Ottobre's organisers remain anonymous, coordinating through an Instagram page and an invite-only Telegram channel (with a move to Signal under consideration) and sharing tips for hiding their identities from investigators. The group calls for a "permanent mobilisation" every Saturday at 15:00, naming Piazza Duomo in Milan, Piazza Nettuno in Bologna, Piazza Castello in Turin and Circo Massimo in Rome, plus Bari, Florence, Genoa and Padua with no square specified; Open reports the series is to start on October 24.

    Sources: Open · Avvenire

    Confirmed by independent reports from Open and Avvenire. How we label

  7. Oct 19
    Reported

    Prime Minister Meloni chairs a public-order meeting at Palazzo Chigi, where the government says it will give a "firm" response, ANSA reports. Officials are drafting a decree-law that could extend preventive detention to up to 24 hours, including for minors, create a deferred-arrest power for group property damage, and restrict gatherings of people deemed dangerous, with a Council of Ministers meeting expected on October 20. Defence Minister Guido Crosetto says Milan would get 500 additional soldiers under the "Strade Sicure" operation, with police-type powers for about three months.

    Sources: ANSA

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  8. Oct 20
    Reported

    Vistanet reports the draft decree-law would extend preventive detention to up to 24 hours for minors, create a deferred-arrest power allowing arrest within 48 hours for group property damage (mandatory for devastation offences during demonstrations), let police issue formal warnings to people deemed a public-order risk, create a new aggravated property-damage offence and raise penalties for blocking roads. Legislative offices were still finalising the text ahead of a Council of Ministers meeting expected that afternoon.

    Sources: Vistanet

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  9. Oct 20
    Disputed

    Accounts differ on whether the deployment of 500 additional soldiers to Milan is settled: Vistanet reports the government would reinforce the “Strade Sicure” operation with 500 soldiers given police-type powers for about three months, while Il Sud 24 reports the number was still being evaluated and the decree text was not yet complete as of Tuesday morning.

    Sources: Vistanet · Il Sud 24

    Disputed: the accounts conflict. Both are given, with their sources. How we label

  10. Oct 20
    Confirmed

    Italy's Council of Ministers approves a decree-law responding to the Milan unrest, sending 500 additional soldiers to the city under the existing "Strade Sicure" operation, Il Post and Il Fatto Quotidiano report. Plans to give those soldiers judicial-police powers, including powers of arrest, are dropped after opposition reported from the Interior Ministry and, parliamentary sources say, from the Presidency of the Republic.

    Sources: Il Post · Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Confirmed by independent reports from Il Post and Il Fatto Quotidiano. How we label

  11. Oct 20
    Disputed

    Accounts differ on whether the approved decree extends preventive detention ("fermo preventivo") to minors aged 14 to 18: Il Post reports the measure is in the final text, while Il Fatto Quotidiano reports it was still undecided as the Council of Ministers met and may have been dropped after consultations with the Presidency of the Republic.

    Sources: Il Post · Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Disputed: the accounts conflict. Both are given, with their sources. How we label

  12. Oct 20
    Disputed

    The disagreement continues after the Council of Ministers rose: Fanpage reports the minors' preventive-detention plan was dropped before the meeting over doubts about detaining a minor without parental authorisation, while Juorno reports the decree "also extends preventive detention to minors", pending the final wording due in the Gazzetta Ufficiale.

    Sources: Fanpage · Juorno

    Disputed: the accounts conflict. Both are given, with their sources. How we label

  13. Oct 20
    Reported

    Fanpage, citing Meloni's own account of the decree, reports it also creates an aggravated property-damage offence for group vandalism (fine up to €15,000 and one and a half to five years in prison) and a new offence of violently joining a group of five or more at a protest, carrying up to five years and a €20,000 fine with higher penalties if faces are covered or people are hurt; it extends the criminal-association offence to those who organise violence at marches, and makes assaults on police prosecutable without a complaint.

    Sources: Fanpage

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  14. Oct 20
    Reported

    Studenti.it reports the October 30 general strike, called by the grassroots USB union and other base unions, is going ahead as scheduled; the Collettivo Osa student group has confirmed it will join, according to ANSA, and students in Turin say they will also demonstrate that day.

    Sources: Studenti.it (ANSA)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  15. Oct 21
    Confirmed

    L'Unione Sarda reports the approved decree extends preventive detention ("fermo preventivo") to people who disturb public safety in crowded places, including minors, but says the power applies only from age 16; Il Post and Il Fatto Quotidiano had already reported the threshold as 14. The three outlets now agree minors are covered; they differ on the minimum age.

    Sources: L'Unione Sarda · Il Post · Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Confirmed by independent reports from L'Unione Sarda, Il Post and Il Fatto Quotidiano. How we label

  16. Oct 21
    Reported

    Money.it reports the published text ties the 14-year-old threshold to a questore's gathering ban on minors deemed a public-safety risk, rather than to "fermo preventivo" itself, for which it says existing safeguards for minors remain without a new stated minimum age; it also describes a new offence of violently joining a group of five or more at a protest, carrying two to five years in prison and a €10,000 to €20,000 fine, rising to four to twelve years for organisers.

    Sources: Money.it

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  17. Oct 22
    Confirmed

    The security decree is published as Decree-Law no. 190/2026 in Gazzetta Ufficiale no. 246 on October 22 and takes effect October 23, Il Sole 24 Ore and Scuola Informa report. Parents face an administrative fine of €500 to €1,000, doubling for repeat cases, when a minor takes part in the covered offences, unless they show they could not have prevented it; prefects can refer families to the juvenile court and order parents to pay for damage to public property, which parents can contest within 40 days before the local court.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore · Scuola Informa

    Confirmed by independent reports from Il Sole 24 Ore and Scuola Informa. How we label

  18. Oct 23
    Reported

    Police search homes across 18 Italian cities before dawn, targeting about 100 people identified during the previous week's unrest, half of them minors, and seize phones, weapons, protective gear and goods allegedly stolen in looting, ANSA reports. Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi says investigators are starting to "peel back" the phenomenon and that there was "certainly coordination" among participants, though he will not say whether anyone directed it.

    Sources: ANSA

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  19. Oct 23
    Reported

    ANSA reports police uncovered an online chat group in Crema organising patrols against foreign residents, run by a 20-year-old with previous convictions.

    Sources: ANSA

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  20. Oct 24
    Confirmed

    Italy deploys roughly 1,500 police in Rome and about 1,800 security personnel in Milan, including 500 soldiers, with drones and Carabinieri aircraft overhead, as Movimento 17 Ottobre holds a fourth round of Saturday protests in at least eight cities, Euronews and AFP report. Milan bars protests from the Duomo, Garibaldi and Porta Venezia districts; more than 30 mobilisations are planned nationwide.

    Sources: Euronews · AFP (via Malay Mail)

    Confirmed by independent reports from Euronews and AFP. How we label

  21. Oct 24
    Reported

    Movimento 17 Ottobre cancels the squares it had previously announced, saying it will instead name three gathering points at 2:30pm local time in each city, followed an hour later by a final assembly point, ANSA reports. Milan mayor Giuseppe Sala urges shops to stay open, saying "if panic spreads then everything stops," and says the city will simply field more officers than last weekend, AFP reports.

    Sources: ANSA · AFP (via Malay Mail)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  22. Oct 24
    Confirmed

    Italy holds a fourth round of nationwide protests called by Movimento 17 Ottobre, with marches or rallies reported in at least ten cities including Rome, Milan, Turin and Bologna, Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore report.

    Sources: Euronews · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Confirmed by independent reports from Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore. How we label

  23. Oct 24
    Confirmed

    Police carry out more than 150 searches before dawn in Milan, Monza and about 20 other towns, mainly in Lombardy, targeting people identified during the previous weekend's unrest, Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore report.

    Sources: Euronews · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Confirmed by independent reports from Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore. How we label

  24. Oct 24
    Reported

    In Turin, police make a tactical charge and officers throw dispersal devices after demonstrators throw objects and firecrackers; two people are detained for questioning, and protesters burn a photograph of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni in Piazza Castello, Il Sole 24 Ore reports.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  25. Oct 24
    Reported

    In Rome, demonstrators enter the Colosseum and have a tense encounter with its security staff before leaving and facing police outside; a separate march under the banner "Keep Italy out of the war" protests military spending, Il Sole 24 Ore reports.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  26. Oct 24
    Reported

    In Bologna, about 1,000 people gather in Piazza del Nettuno and several hundred clash with police at close quarters. In Milan, an antifascist march sets off from Piazza Castello and a roughly 600-strong, mostly student march leaves the Politecnico after an earlier 500-person pro-Palestinian rally; some shops close. Marches of a few hundred to about 1,000 people are also reported in Genoa, Florence, Naples and Perugia, Il Sole 24 Ore reports.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  27. Oct 24
    Reported

    In Castel Volturno, near Naples, religious groups, charities, migrant organisations and agricultural workers back a protest against a planned 120-place migrant detention and repatriation centre, with thousands expected, Euronews and Il Sole 24 Ore report.

    Sources: Euronews · Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  28. Oct 24
    Reported

    Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi writes on social media that there will be "no safe havens" for anyone organising attacks or riots. Il Sole 24 Ore reports that the alleged founder of Movimento 17 Ottobre has been placed under investigation for incitement over the group's Instagram and Telegram accounts.

    Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  29. Oct 28
    Reported

    A Milan judge orders the release of the alleged administrator of the Movimento 17 Ottobre Telegram group, held since October 24 on suspicion of incitement, saying there are no serious grounds to believe he committed the offences; Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni calls the decision "shameful", Reuters reports. The court's president calls her remarks "unacceptable".

    Sources: Reuters (via Internazionale)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  30. Oct 30
    Reported

    Tens of thousands marched in Rome, Milan and other Italian cities on Friday against the cost of living and military spending, NBC News reports, as the USB union and others called public- and private-sector strikes. The government said it will deploy 500 army troops alongside police in Milan until the end of the year, after introducing tougher penalties for rioters, including financial liability for parents of children who take part in vandalism or looting. The demonstrations were largely peaceful, but an NBC News crew saw police use a water cannon on protesters in Rome and charge groups to disperse them.

    Sources: NBC News · NBC News

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  31. Oct 30
    Reported

    Organisers and police give very different counts for the October 30 general strike marches, LaPresse reports: the USB union claims 1.5 to 2 million people nationwide, and in Milan over 100,000 against a police estimate of 30,000. In Rome police used a water cannon and baton charges and eight people were stopped; in Turin police used tear gas after bottles were thrown.

    Sources: LaPresse

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  32. Nov 1
    Reported

    The education branch of the CGIL union says it will join the CGIL general strike on November 20, citing budget-law cuts of 4,925 teaching posts and 2,049 support staff from 2027/28 and no funds for the contract renewal, Scuola Mag reports. These are the union's claims; no government response was in the report.

    Sources: Scuola Mag

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  33. Nov 2
    Reported

    Italy: la Repubblica (Bologna) reports the government's school budget plan would cut about 350 teaching posts in Emilia-Romagna, and the FLC-CGIL union says a strike is "the only choice". The UIL union estimates 70 to 80 fewer posts in Bologna province; the FLC-CGIL also criticises bonuses for private schools.

    Sources: la Repubblica (Bologna)

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  34. Nov 4
    Reported

    The national coordinator of the Rete degli Studenti Medi school-student network tells la Repubblica that the government should invest more in schools, and that fewer staff would lower the quality of teaching. Students say they are protesting for teachers as well as for themselves.

    Sources: la Repubblica

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

  35. Nov 7
    Reported

    RaiNews reports: "Scioperi, novembre di mobilitazioni: trasporti, scuola e settore pubblico. Le date"

    Sources: RaiNews

    Reported: not yet confirmed by a second independent source. How we label

    Automated update, checked against its source; our editor's second review is pending.

  36. Nov 16
    CheckingTheir own channel

    The USB union said on Instagram that it will hold a 24-hour national strike of social-cooperative and social-enterprise workers in the health, care, education and job-placement sectors on Monday, November 16, with a Rome rally at 10am, demanding pay rises, the return of welfare services to public bodies and better working conditions. This is the union's own announcement.

    Sources: USB union (Instagram)

    From the group's own channel. It shows what they say, not that it is true; claims about others stay alleged until independent news reports confirm them.

  37. Nov 20
    Checking

    Turnout and outcome of the CGIL general strike called for November 20, and whether Parliament converts Decree-Law no. 190/2026 into law within its 60-day deadline. Still being checked.

    Sources: Euronews · Il Sole 24 Ore · Il Post · Il Fatto Quotidiano

    Checking: expected or unresolved. We will update this when the outcome is known. How we label

Disputed claims

Both sides, with sources.

What are the protests about?

Disputed

One account

The government condemns the violence. Meloni says she welcomes peaceful mobilisation; Valditara calls the violence political hooliganism with nothing to do with students' rights, and Tajani accuses part of the opposition of fuelling the unrest.

Sources: Avvenire · Il Sole 24 Ore · Sky TG24

Other account

Students and unions say the protests are about crumbling schools, the school decree, low wages, rising prices and military spending. The CGIL says Italy is in a dramatic economic and social crisis.

Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore · Avvenire · AFP (via The Local Italy)

Status: Open. Both positions are on record.

How many took part on October 16?

Disputed

One account

Organisers say more than 400,000 young people marched.

Sources: La Repubblica (via UNN)

Other account

Provisional Education Ministry figures put participation in the school strike at 1.08%.

Sources: Il Sole 24 Ore

Status: The two figures measure different things (marchers and striking school staff and students), and no independent count of marchers has been published.

Accountability log

Arrests, bans, investigations and court cases.

DateActionByLabel
Oct 16Three minors arrested for resisting a public official; about 50 others identified and referred to judicial authorities in TurinPolice (figures via Avvenire)Reported
Oct 1621 young people identified and reported in VeronaPoliceConfirmed
Oct 16One person detained and 30 reported after an attempt to occupy a school in AlessandriaPolice (figures via Avvenire)Reported
Oct 16Video footage reviewed to identify those involved in violence in RomeRome policeReported
Oct 17About 50 people detained in Milan, almost half of them minors (preliminary figure)Police and prefecture (figure via Il Giorno); also reported by ANSAConfirmed
Oct 17Four minors arrested for resisting officers and seven people reported in BolognaPolice (figures via ANSA)Reported
Oct 18-19271 people taken to police stations (220 minors), 32 arrests (23 minors, 13 foreign nationals), 28 reported to prosecutors, 174 held under a new preventive-detention power, in Milan (ANSA figures; Fanpage reports different totals)Police (figures via ANSA and Fanpage)Disputed
Oct 24Two people detained for questioning in Turin; investigation opened into the alleged founder of Movimento 17 Ottobre for incitementPolice / prosecutors (via Il Sole 24 Ore)Reported
Oct 28Milan judge orders release of the alleged Movimento 17 Ottobre administrator, finding no serious grounds to believe he committed the offences chargedMilan court (via Reuters)Reported

Places

MilanClashes and looting on Oct 17 and 18; over 270 taken to police stations by Oct 19 (figures vary by outlet)
TurinWater cannon and tear gas in Piazza Castello, Oct 16
Verona21 young people reported to police, Oct 16
BolognaClashes near the station; four arrests and seven reported, Oct 17 (police via ANSA)
RomeStudents at the Education Ministry, Oct 16; CGIL rally, Oct 17
NaplesStudent protests and school occupations
BariAbout 700 students march, Oct 16

How this page is made

Our method, corrections and open questions

Only published reporting and publicly posted material. AI helps gather, check and organize it. Routine updates are published automatically once they pass our sourcing and fairness checks; anything sensitive is held back for a stricter editorial review. Our full standards.

Corrections

  • Oct 17, 2026: An earlier version said police made seven arrests in Bologna, as Reuters reported citing ANSA. A later ANSA report, citing police, says four people were arrested and seven were reported to judicial authorities; the item has been updated.
  • Oct 30, 2026: Earlier entries named a private individual who was placed under investigation; the name has been removed in line with our policy of not naming people accused of offences.

Still being checked

  • A reconciled national total of arrests, detentions and injuries from the October 24 protests, and the outcome in Castel Volturno and any unrest later Saturday
  • A single reconciled national total of arrests, detentions and injuries for October 16-18, including injured protesters
  • An independent count of how many people marched
  • Who is behind "Italia in Piazza"; the individual identities of Movimento 17 Ottobre's anonymous organisers, and any link between them and the Milan looting
  • Charges against those detained in Milan, Turin and Bologna
  • Whether the government changes the school decree or responds to protesters' demands
  • The exact minimum age, if any, for "fermo preventivo" applied to minors, as distinct from the 14-year-old threshold the published decree sets for a questore's gathering ban, and whether Parliament converts Decree-Law no. 190/2026 into law within 60 days
  • Whether prosecutors appeal the release of the alleged Movimento 17 Ottobre administrator, and whether others are investigated
  • An independent count of the October 30 strike turnout, since USB and police figures differ widely, and whether the government responds to the union's budget-law criticisms before the November 20 strike

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Sources

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